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<P>1. With regard to risk assessments, explain what is meant by the term 'suitable and sufficient'.</P>
<P> A. To be deemed 'suitable and sufficient', a risk assessment must meet the following conditions:</P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">The risk assessment should identify the risks arising from or in connection with the work.</FONT></P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">The level of detail in the risk assessment should be proportionate to the level of risk.</FONT></P>
<P>· The risk assessment must consider all those who might be affected, e.g. employees, members of the public, etc.</P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">The risk assessment should be appropriate to the work and should identify the period of time for which it is likely to remain valid.</FONT></P>
<P>· It should enable management to determine the level of control measures necessary.</P>
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<P>2. Give a definition for hazard and risk.</P>
<P><FONT face="Arial"> A. A <B>hazard</B> is an object or situation with the potential to cause harm.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Arial"><B> Risk</B> expresses the likelihood that the harm from a particular hazard is realised.</FONT></P>
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<P>3. Identify five costs of accidents that insurance will not cover.</P>
<P>A</P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">Product and material damage.</FONT></P>
<P>· Lost production time.</P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">Legal costs in defending civil claims, prosecutions or enforcement action.</FONT></P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">Overtime and other temporary labour costs to replace the injured worker.</FONT></P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">Time spent investigating the accident and other administration costs (including supervisor's time).</FONT></P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">Fines from criminal prosecutions.</FONT></P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">Loss of highly trained and/or experienced staff.</FONT></P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">Effects on employee morale and the resulting reduction in productivity.</FONT></P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">Bad publicity leading to loss of contracts and/or orders.</FONT></P>
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<P>4. Explain the key features of each stage of the safety management model described in HSG65.</P>
<P>A</P>
<P>Your answer should have been structured around the key sections of: policy, organisation, planning and implementing, measuring performance, review and audit.</P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial"><B>Policy</B>: Intended to set clear direction for the organisation and set out general objectives.</FONT></P>
<P>· <B>Organisation</B>: Ensures that the appropriate management structure and arrangements are in place to deliver the objectives contained in the policy. This involves the allocation of responsibilities for health and safety and the promotion of a health and safety culture through a regime based on competence, control, co­operation and communication.</P>
<P>· <B>Planning and Implementation</B>: Hazards are identified, risks assessed, control systems put in place and performance standards established.</P>
<P>· <B>Measuring Performance</B>: Using a range of active and reactive methods. Review: Reviewing performance in light of the targets set at the planning stage.</P>
<P>· <B>Audit</B>: Auditing the entire safety management system to identify non-compliance with procedures and weaknesses in the current system in order that improvements can be made.</P>
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<P>5. What does the Turnbull Report require companies to do?</P>
<P>A</P>
<P>· The Turnbull Report requires companies to identify, evaluate and manage their significant risks and to assess the effectiveness of the related internal control systems. The Report also requires that the Boards of Directors review the effectiveness of their system of internal control and undertake an annual assessment for the purpose of making a statement regarding internal control within the company's annual report.</P>
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<P>6. Give three reasons for setting performance targets as part of health and safety management.</P>
<P>A</P>
<P>· Performance standards are needed for people at all levels to ensure:</P>
<P>· The effective design, development and installation of the health and safety management system.</P>
<P>· The consistent implementation and improvement of the health and safety management system.</P>
<P>· That positive rewards can be provided for individuals in recognition of the effort put into accident and ill-health prevention.</P>
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<P>7. In a safety policy, what is the purpose of the written 'Statement of intent'?</P>
<P>A</P>
<P>· The 'Statement of intent' outlines the company's overall philosophy towards the management of health, safety and welfare. It also commits the employer to setting a standard at least as high as that required by the law, and may set health and safety targets to be achieved.</P>
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<P><FONT face="Arial" size="3">8.</FONT> <FONT face="Arial">Give three examples of personnel and tasks that may be identified in the 'Organisation' section of a safety policy.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Arial">A.</FONT></P>
<P> Any three from the following:</P>
<P>· Nomination of key personnel at all levels who will have well-defined duties and responsibilities including the arrangements for reporting to top management.</P>
<P>· Provision of expert support for managers throughout the company by the employment, where appropriate, of safety consultants, safety officers, medical and scientific officers, ergonomists, engineers, etc.</P>
<P>· Nomination and appointment of competent persons to deal with risk assessments, the provision of written safe systems of work, and the control of contractors.</P>
<P>· Nomination of competent persons to measure, monitor and review the company's health and safety performance.</P>
<P>· Nomination and appointment of competent persons to deal with emergencies, first-aid, evacuation in the event of fire, flooding, etc.</P>
<P>· Provision of documentation for the efficient management of health and safety.</P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">Identify six provisions that would typically be found in the 'Arrangements' section of a safety policy.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Arial"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Arial" size="3">9.</FONT> <FONT face="Arial">Identify five external bodies or individuals that a safety professional may be expected to liaise with in the course of their work.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Arial">A</FONT></P>
<P> Any six from the following:</P>
<P>· Procedure for producing relevant risk assessments in accordance with the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations and associated legislation.</P>
<P>· Procedure for maintaining cleanliness and safe access/egress to and from the premises.</P>
<P>· Procedure for maintaining a safe place of work including monitoring and inspections of the workplace.</P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">Provision of instructions for use and maintenance of machinery, including machine guarding, and emergency procedures in the event of breakdown.</FONT></P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">Provision of health and safety training for all employees and specific training for first-alders and fire marshals.</FONT></P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">Provision of suitable personal protective equipment.</FONT></P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">Provision of written safe systems of work.</FONT></P>
<P>· Provision of written instructions for fire safety and fire prevention including evacuation procedures, escape routes and assembly points.</P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">Procedures for consultation with the workforce on health and safety matters including involvement of safety committees and safety representatives.</FONT></P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">Provision of written instructions for control of contractors and supervision of visitors, including use of "permit-to-work" systems.</FONT></P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">Provision of instructions concerning the handling of hazardous substances used in, or resulting from, the production process.</FONT></P>
<P>· Procedures for dealing with accidents: prevention, investigation, reporting and collation of statistics.</P>
<P>· Procedures for materials handling.</P>
<P>· Procedures involving the use of display screen equipment and arrangements for eye tests and provision of corrective lenses.</P>
<P>· Provision of pre-employment medicals and continuing medical surveillance where necessary.</P>
<P><FONT face="Arial"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Arial" size="3">10.</FONT> <FONT face="Arial">Identify five external bodies or individuals that a safety professional may be expected to liaise with in the course of their work.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Arial">A.</FONT></P>
<P>· Local authority environmental health officers and licensing officials.</P>
<P>· Architects and consultants. The Fire Service.</P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">Contractors.</FONT></P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">Insurance companies.</FONT></P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">Clients and customers.</FONT></P>
<P>· <FONT face="Arial">HSE.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Arial" size="3"> </FONT></P>
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